3-2-neispravnosti-sistemy-vpryska-topliva.html
3.2. Malfunctions of system of injection of fuelOn cars the system of the distributed injection of fuel is applied. Distributed injection is called because fuel is injected into each cylinder by a separate atomizer. The system of injection of fuel allows to lower toxicity of the fulfilled gases at improvement of road performance and fuel profitability of the car.
Diagnostics of system of injection by means of diagnostics codes is described in section 9 "Electric equipment", in subsection «the Control system of the engine». Removal, installation and repair of elements of a subsystem of a food are described in section 4 "Engine".At work with injection system necessarily adhere to following rules:
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1. Before to remove any knots of a control system of injection, disconnect a wire from the plug «–» the storage battery.
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THE PREVENTION
The storage battery disconnect only at the switched off ignition.
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2. Do not start up the engine if tips of wires on the storage battery are badly tightened.
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3. Never disconnect the storage battery from an onboard network of the car at the working engine.
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4. At gymnastics of the storage battery disconnect it from an onboard network of the car.
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5. Do not suppose heating of the electronic block of management (ЭБУ) above 65 °С in working order and above 80 °С in non-working (for example, in сушильной to the chamber). It is necessary to remove ЭБУ from the car if this temperature is exceeded.
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6. Do not disconnect from ЭБУ and do not attach to it sockets of a plait of wires at the included ignition.
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7. Before performance of electroarc welding on the car disconnect wires from the storage battery and sockets of wires from ЭБУ.
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8. All measurements of pressure carry out the digital voltmeter with internal resistance not less than 10 МОм.
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9. The electronic knots applied in system of injection, are calculated on very small pressure, therefore the electrostatic category can easily damage them. Not to admit damages ЭБУ by the electrostatic category:
– Do not touch with hands tips EBU or to electronic components on its payments;
– At work with a programmed constant memory (ППЗУ) the management block do not touch microcircuit conclusions.
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The overwhelming majority of malfunctions of system of injection of fuel is caused by refusal of following gauges:
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– The gauge of position of a cranked shaft (synchronisation) – an injection system crash, the engine is not started up;
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– The gauge of the mass expense of air – increase in the expense of fuel, considerable deterioration of dynamics, a problem with engine start-up;
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– The gauge of position throttle заслонки – capacity loss, jerks and failures at the dispersal, unstable work in an idling mode;
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– The gauge of temperature of a cooling liquid – difficulties with start-up in a frost: it is necessary to warm up the engine, supporting turns an accelerator pedal, at an overheat capacity essentially decreases, there is a detonation;
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– The detonation gauge – the engine is very sensitive to quality of the gasoline, the raised propensity to a detonation;
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– The oxygen gauge ("ljambda-probe") – increase in the expense of fuel, decrease in capacity of the engine, unstable work idling. Damage catalytic neutralizer of the fulfilled gases is possible;
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– The gauge of speed – impossibility of self-training of system for fine tuning under style of driving of the concrete driver. Deterioration of dynamic qualities of the car in modes with use of the maximum capacity (intensive dispersal) is possible.
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