9.9. A control system of the engine

Fig. 9.10. An arrangement of elements of a control system of the engine in подкапотном space: 1 – the gauge of the mass expense of air; 2 – the ignition module; 3 – the gauge of position of a cranked shaft (on a photo it is not visible, established about a pulley of a cranked shaft); 4 – atomizers; 5 – an idling regulator; 6 – the gauge of temperature of a cooling liquid (on a photo it is not visible, established in a branch pipe of a water shirt of a head of the block of cylinders); 7 – the gauge of position throttle заслонки; 8 – the valve of a purge of an adsorber; 9 – the detonation gauge (on a photo it is not visible, located on the right side of the block of cylinders of the engine); 10 – the oxygen gauge (on a photo it is not visible, located on a reception pipe of system of release of the fulfilled gases); 11 – the controller (on a photo it is not visible, located in salon on a board partition передка); 12 – the block of the relay and safety locks (on a photo it is not visible, established together with the controller); 13 – the gauge of speed of the car (on a photo it is not visible, established on a distributing box); 14 – a diagnostic socket (on a photo it is not visible, established in salon near to the ignition lock)

The engine of the car VAZ-2123 is equipped by a microprocessor control system (МСУД), i.e. system of the distributed injection of fuel with a feedback, which unites subsystems of a food inseparably linked among themselves (section 4 "Engine") and ignitions see. The electronic block of management (ЭБУ), receiving the information on a condition of the engine from the gauges supervising various working parametres of system operates both subsystems in a complex. The arrangement of gauges is shown on fig. 9.10.

The electric scheme of a control system is resulted by the engine in enc. 7.

Distributed injection is called because for each cylinder fuel is injected by a separate atomizer. The system of injection of fuel allows to lower toxicity of the fulfilled gases at improvement of rideable qualities of the car. Established on car MSUD VAZ-2123-40 with controller Bosch MP7.OH (2123–1411020–10) provides norms of toxicity of Euro II. In the given system the synchronous method of giving of fuel is applied. Atomizers join in pairs and serially: at first atomizers of 1st and 4th cylinders, and through 180 ° turn of a cranked shaft – atomizers of 2nd and 3rd cylinders etc. Thus, each atomizer joins once for a turn of a cranked shaft, i.e. two times for a full running cycle of the engine.

The method of the phased injection can be applied to achievement of norms of toxicity of Euro-IV on a part of cars. In this case on the engine the gauge of phases defining the moment of the end of a step of compression in 1st cylinder is in addition established, and fuel moves atomizers on cylinders in the sequence corresponding to an order of ignition in cylinders (1–3–4–2). The cars providing norms of toxicity of Euro IV, now on home market are not delivered, therefore the system of the phased injection in the given edition is not considered.

In the given subsection the controller and gauges of a control system by the engine, and also the ignition module are described. Elements of a subsystem of giving of fuel and air, and also system of catching of steams of fuel are described in section 4 "Engine", in subsection "Power supply system".

In ignition system traditional distributor and the ignition coil are not used. Here the module of ignition consisting of two coils of ignition and operating electronics of high energy is applied. The system of ignition has no mobile details and consequently does not demand service. It also has no adjustments (including corner of an advancing of ignition) as the controller operates ignition.

In ignition system the method of distribution of the spark, named a method of "a single spark» is applied. Engine cylinders are united in steams 1–4 and 2–3, and искрообразование occurs simultaneously in two cylinders: in the cylinder in which the compression step (a working spark), and in the cylinder in which there is a release step (a single spark) comes to an end. In connection with a constant direction of a current in windings of coils of ignition the current искрообразования at one candle always proceeds from the central electrode on lateral, and at the second – with lateral on central. The controller operates ignition in system.

The gauge of position of a cranked shaft gives a basic signal on which basis the controller does calculation of sequence of operation of coils in the ignition module in the controller. For exact management of ignition the controller uses the following information:

– Frequency of rotation of a cranked shaft;

– Engine loading (the mass expense of air);

– Temperature of a cooling liquid;

– Position of a cranked shaft;

– Detonation presence.

In more details the control system of the engine is described in the special edition «the Control system of the engine VAZ-2123-40 with the distributed injection of fuel under norms of toxicity of EURO II (controller MR7.0N). The User manual and to repair», prepared Open Society the Scientifically-Extradrenchesky enterprise «Technical centre AvtoVaZtehobsluzhivanie» by request of "Dzhiem-autovases". In the same management methods of diagnostics of system by means of diagnostic device DST-2 on the codes of malfunctions resulted in tab. 9.3 are described

Code	Malfunction
Р0102	Low level of a signal of the gauge of the mass expense of air
Р0103	High level of a signal of the gauge of the mass expense of air
Р0115	Incorrect signal of the gauge of temperature of a cooling liquid
Р0117	Low level of a signal of the gauge of temperature of a cooling liquid
Р0118	High level of a signal of the gauge of temperature of a cooling liquid
Р0122	Low level of a signal of the gauge of position throttle заслонки
Р0123	High level of a signal of the gauge of position throttle заслонки
Р0130	Incorrect signal of the gauge of oxygen
Р0132	High level of a signal of the gauge of oxygen
Р0134	Absence of a signal of the gauge of oxygen
Р0201, Р0202, Р0203, Р0204	Breakage of a chain of management by an atomizer 1, 2, 3, 4th cylinder (accordingly)
Р0261, Р0264, Р0267, Р0270	Short circuit on "weight" of a chain of management of an atomizer 1, 2, 3, 4th cylinder (accordingly)
Р0262, Р0265, Р0268, Р0271	Short circuit on the power supply of a chain of management of an atomizer 1, 2, 3, 4th cylinder (accordingly)
Р0327	Low level of a signal of the gauge of a detonation
Р0328	High level of a signal of the gauge of a detonation
Р0335	Incorrect signal of the gauge of position of a cranked shaft
Р0336	Error of the gauge of position of a cranked shaft
Р0444	Short circuit on the power supply or breakage of a chain of management by the valve of a purge of an adsorber
Р0445	Short circuit on "weight" of a chain of management of the valve of a purge of an adsorber
Р0480	Faulty chain of management of the relay of the fan of cooling
Р0500	Incorrect signal of the gauge of speed of the car
Р0503	Interrupting signal of the gauge of speed of the car
Р0506	Low turns of idling
Р0507	High turns of idling
Р0560	Incorrect pressure of an onboard network
Р0562	The lowered pressure of an onboard network
Р0563	The raised pressure of an onboard network
Р0601	Error of the control sum of ROM
Р0603	Error of the external RAM
Р0604	Error of the internal RAM
Р0607	Incorrect signal of the channel of a detonation of the controller
Р1102	Low resistance of a heater of the gauge of oxygen
Р1115	Faulty chain of management of heating of the gauge of oxygen
Р1140	Incorrect signal of the gauge of the mass expense of air
Р1500	Breakage of a chain of management of the relay of an electrogasoline pump
Р1501	Short circuit on "weight" of a chain of management of the relay of an electrogasoline pump
Р1502	Short circuit on the power supply of a chain of management of the relay of an electrogasoline pump
Р1509	Overload of a chain of management of an idling regulator
Р1513	Short circuit on "weight" of a chain of management of an idling regulator
Р1514	Breakage of a chain of management by an idling regulator
Р1570	Incorrect signal АПС
Р1602	Loss of pressure of an onboard network in the controller
Р1689	Erroneous values of codes in memory of errors of the controller

The diagnostic device connect to the special diagnostic socket of the car close to the switch (lock) of ignition and partially closed by a casing of a steering column.

In the given edition following elements of a control system are considered by the engine.

1. The controller 11 (fig. 9.10) (the electronic block of management see), located under the panel of devices on the right side, represents the operating centre of system of injection of fuel. It continuously processes the information from various gauges and operates the systems influencing toxicity of fulfilled gases and on operational indicators of the car.

In the controller the following information arrives:

– About position and frequency of rotation of a cranked shaft;

– About the mass expense of air the engine;

– About temperature of a cooling liquid;

– About position throttle заслонки;

– About the oxygen maintenance in the fulfilled gases;

– About detonation presence in the engine;

– About pressure in an onboard network of the car;

– About speed of the car;

– About camshaft position (in system with the consecutive distributed injection of fuel);

– About inquiry about conditioner inclusion (if it is established on the car).

On the basis of the received information the controller operates following systems and devices:

– топливоподачей (atomizers and an electrogasoline pump);

– Ignition system;

– An idling regulator;

– An adsorber of system of catching of steams of gasoline;

– Fans of system of cooling of the engine;

– муфтой the conditioner compressor (if it is on the car);

– Diagnostics system.

The controller includes target chains (atomizers, various relays etc.) by their short circuit on "weight" through target transistors of the controller. A unique exception – a chain of the relay of the fuel pump. Only on a winding of this relay the controller submits pressure +12 Century

The controller has the built in system of diagnostics. He can distinguish malfunctions in system work, warning about them the driver through a control lamp «CHECK ENGINE». Besides, it stores the diagnostic codes specifying to area of malfunction to help experts with repair carrying out. In the controller is available three kinds of memory: the operative memory (RAM), unitary programmed constant memory (ППЗУ) and электрически a programmed memory (ЭПЗУ).

The operative memory is "notebook" of the controller. The controller microprocessor uses it for time storage of measured parametres, for calculations and for the intermediate information. The microprocessor can bring as required in it the data or read out them.

The RAM microcircuit is mounted on the controller printed-circuit board. This memory is volatile and demands an uninterrupted food for preservation. At a food stopping delivery diagnostic codes of malfunctions containing in the RAM and the settlement data are erased.

Programmed constant memory (ППЗУ). In ППЗУ there is a general program in which the sequence of working commands (algorithms of management) and various калибровочная the information contains. This information represents the given managements of injection, ignition, idling, etc. which depend on weight of the car, type and capacity of the engine, from transfer relations of transmission and other factors. ППЗУ name still a memory of calibrations.

Fig. 9.11. The controller: 1 – a programmed constant memory (ППЗУ)

Contents ППЗУ cannot be changed after programming. This memory does not require a food for preservation of the information written down in it which is not erased at food switching-off, i.e. this memory is non-volatile. ППЗУ it is established in панельке on a payment of 1 controller (fig. 9.11) and it can be taken out from the controller and be replaced.

ППЗУ individually for each complete set of the car though on different models of cars the same unified controller can be applied. Therefore at replacement ППЗУ it is important to establish correct number of model and a car complete set. And at replacement of the defective controller it is necessary to leave former ППЗУ (if it regularly).

Электрически the programmed memory is used for time storage of codes-passwords of anticreeping system of the car (immobilizerа). The Codes-passwords accepted by the controller from the block of management immobilizerом (if it is available on the car), are compared to codes, хранимыми in ЭПЗУ, and thus it is authorised or engine start-up is forbidden. This memory is non-volatile and can be stored without food giving on the controller.

2. The gauge of temperature of a cooling liquid represents термистор (the resistor which resistance changes from temperature). The gauge will wrap in a final branch pipe of a cooling liquid on a head of cylinders. At low temperature the gauge has high resistance (at–40 °С – 100 clod), and at a heat – low (at 100 °С – 177 Ohm).

The controller counts temperature of a cooling liquid on a power failure on the gauge. A power failure high on the cold engine and low on the heated-up.

The temperature of a cooling liquid influences the majority of characteristics which the controller operates.

3. The detonation gauge is attached to the top part of the block of cylinders and catches abnormal vibrations (detonation blows) in the engine. Sensitive element of the gauge is пьезокристаллическая the plate. At a detonation on a gauge exit impulses of pressure which increase with increase of intensity of detonation blows are generated. The controller on a gauge signal regulates an advancing of ignition for elimination of detonation flashes of fuel.

4. The gauge of the mass expense of air is located between the air filter and the left part воздухоподающего a branch pipe. In it there are temperature gauges and the heating resistor. Passing air cools one of gauges, and the electronic scheme of the gauge will transform this difference of temperatures to a target signal for the electronic block of management.

In different variants of systems of injection of fuel gauges of the mass expense of air of two types can be applied. They differ on the device and on character of a given out signal which can be frequency or analogue. In the first case depending on air expense frequency of a signal, and in the second case – pressure varies.

ЭБУ uses the information from the gauge of the mass expense of air for definition of duration of an impulse of opening of atomizers.

5. The gauge of speed of the car is established on a distributing box between a drive of a speedometer and a tip of a flexible shaft of a drive of a speedometer. The principle of action of the gauge is based on effect of the Hall. The gauge gives out on the controller rectangular impulses of pressure with the frequency proportional to speed of rotation of driving wheels.

6. The gauge of position throttle заслонки is established sideways on throttle knot and connected with an axis throttle заслонки.

The gauge represents a potentiometer on which one end plus of pressure of a food (5) moves, and other end is connected to "weight".

From the third conclusion of a potentiometer (from a toddler) there is a target signal to the controller. When throttle заслонка turns (from influence on a management pedal), pressure on a gauge exit changes. At closed throttle заслонке it below 0,7 V.Kogda заслонка opens, pressure on a gauge exit grows and at completely заслонке than 4 Century should be opened more

Tracing target pressure of the gauge, the controller corrects giving of fuel depending on a corner of opening throttle заслонки (i.e. at will of the driver). The gauge of position throttle заслонки does not demand any adjustment as the controller perceives idling (i.e. full closing throttle заслонки) as a zero mark.

7. The gauge of position of a cranked shaft – inductive type, is intended for synchronisation of work of the controller with the top dead point of pistons of 1st both 4th cylinders and angular position of a cranked shaft.

The gauge is established on a drive cover газораспределительного the mechanism opposite to a setting disk on a pulley of a cranked shaft. The setting disk represents a cogwheel with 58 равноудаленными (6 °) hollows. At such step 60 teeths are located on a disk, but two teeth is cut off for creation of an impulse of synchronisation ("a basic" impulse) which is necessary for the coordination of work of the controller with ВМТ pistons in 1st and 4th cylinders.

At rotation of a cranked shaft teeths change a gauge magnetic field, directing impulses of pressure of an alternating current. The adjusting backlash between the core of the gauge and a disk tooth should be in limits (1±0,2) mm.

The controller on gauge signals defines frequency of rotation of a cranked shaft and gives out impulses on atomizers.

8. The gauge of concentration of oxygen (ljambda-probe) is established on a reception pipe of system of release of the fulfilled gases. The oxygen containing in fulfilled gases, reacts with the oxygen gauge, creating a potential difference on a gauge exit. It changes approximately from 0,1 In (the high maintenance of oxygen – a poor mix) to 0,9 In (not enough oxygen – a rich mix)

For normal work the gauge should have temperature not more low 360 °С. Therefore for fast warming up after engine start-up the heating element is built in the gauge.

Tracing target pressure of the gauge of concentration of oxygen, the controller defines, what command on updating of structure of a working mix to submit on atomizers. If a mix poor (a low potential difference on a gauge exit) the command on mix enrichment is given. If the mix rich (a high potential difference), is given a command on mix pauperisation.

PREVENTIONS 1. Before to remove any knots of a control system of injection, disconnect a wire from the plug «–» the storage battery 2. Do not start up the engine if tips of wires on the storage battery are badly tightened. 3. Never disconnect the storage battery from an onboard network of the car at the working engine. 4. At gymnastics of the storage battery disconnect it from an onboard network of the car. 5. Do not subject the electronic block of management (ЭБУ) to temperature above 65 °С in working order and above 80 °С in non-working (for example, in сушильной to the chamber). It is necessary to remove ЭБУ from the car if this temperature is exceeded. 6. Do not disconnect from ЭБУ and do not attach to it sockets of a plait of wires at the included ignition. 7. Before performance of electroarc welding on the car disconnect wires from the storage battery and sockets of wires from ЭБУ. 8. All measurements of pressure carry out the digital voltmeter with internal resistance not less than 10 МОм. 9. The electronic knots applied in system of injection, are calculated on very small pressure and consequently can be easily damaged the electrostatic category. Not to admit damages ЭБУ by the electrostatic category: – Do not touch with hands tips EBU or to electronic components on its payments; – At work with ППЗУ the management block do not touch microcircuit conclusions.

Safety locks of a control system are located by the engine in the block of safety locks and the control system relay, established on a back cover of the controller under the panel of devices on a board передка before the passenger.

The key «on 10» (it is desirable face) is required to you.

1. Turn away a nut of fastening of a cover of the controller and...	2.... Uncover.

3. Take a safety lock a hand or...	4.... Special tweezers also establish on its place a new safety lock of the same face value.

THE PREVENTION Face value of a safety lock is specified on its case. It is forbidden to establish a face value safety lock большего, than removed, in order to avoid damage of elements of a control system by the engine.

5. Establish into place a block cover.

Relays of a control system of the engine, as well as safety locks of this system, are located in the block of safety locks and the control system relay, established on a back cover of the controller under the panel of devices on a board передка before the passenger.

The key «on 10» (it is desirable face) is required to you.

1. Uncover the block of safety locks and the relay («Replacement of safety locks of a control system with the engine» see).

2. Take the relay and establish on its place new.

THE NOTE The relay type is specified on its cover. Establish the new relay of the same type, as removed.

3. Establish into place a block cover.

The controller of a control system is established by the engine under the panel of devices on a board передка before the passenger.

It be required to you: a key «on 10» (it is desirable face), a screw-driver.

1. Uncover the block of safety locks and the relay («Replacement of safety locks of a control system with the engine» see).

2. Turn out left and...	3.... Right screws of fastening of the controller and the block of safety locks and the relay to a board передка.

4. Take away the controller from a board передка, turn on two nuts of fastening of the block to the controller and separate the controller from the block.	5. Take aside a latch pad a plait of wires and...

6.... Disconnect колодку from the controller.

7. Establish the controller and the block of safety locks and the relay in an order, the return to removal.

       THE NOTE

Pay attention to a drawing designation of the controller (2123–1411020–10).

The new controller get with the same designation irrespective of the fact which on it the product type is specified.

The gauge is established on a drive cover газораспределительного the mechanism, in its bottom part.

The screw-driver is required to you.

1. Wring out a screw-driver or a finger a plastic latch of fastening pad a plait of wires and disconnect колодку from the gauge.	2. Turn out the screw of fastening of the gauge and...

3.... Take the gauge from an aperture of inflow of a cover.	4. Check up resistance of the gauge. At the serviceable gauge it should be 0,55–0,75 clod.

5. Establish the gauge in an order, the return to removal.

The gauge will screw in an aperture of a forward branch pipe of a water shirt of a head of the block of cylinders.

The key «on 19» is required to you.

1. Wring out a screw-driver or a finger a plastic latch of fastening pad a plait of wires and disconnect колодку from the gauge.	2. Ослабьте an inhaling of the gauge and...

3.... Turn out it from a branch pipe aperture together with a sealing ring.	4. Check up resistance of the gauge. At 20 °С the serviceable gauge should have resistance 2,2–2,4 clod.

THE NOTE Resistance of the gauge changes depending on temperature in a wide range. At a heat resistance of the gauge low (70 Ohm at 130 °С), and at low – high (100,7 clod at–40 °С).

5. Establish the gauge in an order, the return to removal.

The gauge is established on throttle knot and connected to an axis throttle заслонки.

The screw-driver is required to you.

1. Disconnect from the gauge колодку a plait of wires.	2. For check of serviceability of the gauge measure resistance between conclusions «2» and «3» pad the gauge. Move throttle заслонку from completely closed position to completely opened. At the serviceable gauge thus resistance should change in regular intervals within 2,7–8,2 clod.

3. For replacement of the faulty gauge turn out two screws of fastening to throttle knot and...	4.... Remove the gauge. Pay attention: under the gauge it is established sealing поролоновое a ring, do not forget to establish into place.

5. Establish the new gauge in an order, the return to removal.

The gauge is established on a target branch pipe of the air filter.

It be required to you: a key «on 10», a screw-driver.

1. Disconnect колодку a plait of wires from the gauge.	2. Ослабьте an inhaling of a collar of fastening to the gauge of the left part воздухоподающего a branch pipe also disconnect it from the gauge.

3. Turn out two bolts of fastening of the gauge to a cover of the air filter and remove the gauge together with a sealing ring.

4. Establish the gauge in an order, the return to removal.

THE NOTE If on the new gauge there is no rubber sealing ring, rearrange on it a ring from the removed gauge.

The detonation gauge is established on the right side of the block of cylinders of the engine in its top part, around the second and third cylinders.

It be required to you: a key «on 13», a screw-driver.

1. For simplification of access to the gauge turn out a bolt of the bottom fastening forward распорки an inlet pipe and take away распорку aside.	2. Press a spring clamp pad a plait of wires and...

3.... Disconnect колодку from the gauge.	4. Turn out a bolt of fastening of the gauge to the block of cylinders and remove the gauge.

5. Attach to conclusions of the gauge an autotester connected in a mode of measurement of pressure. Tap with the gauge case in a firm massive subject (for example, on a hammer). Thus pressure should change. If pressure remains to constants, the gauge is faulty also it it is necessary to replace.

THE NOTE More precisely serviceability of the gauge can be checked up at engine work as diagnostic device DST-2.

6. Establish the gauge in sequence, return to removal.

The gauge is established on a reception pipe of system of release of the fulfilled gases.

The key «on 22» is required to you.

1. Having pressed a spring clamp, separate pad a plait of wires of the gauge and a motor plait.	2. Ослабьте an inhaling of the gauge also turn out the gauge from a reception pipe.

3. Establish the gauge in sequence, return to removal. Thus track, that on a tip of the gauge and a socket of a plait of wires greasing and a dirt have not got. Tighten the gauge the moment 40–45 Н·м.

The gauge is established on a back cover of a distributing box, therefore to work more conveniently on the lift or a viewing ditch.

The key «on 22» is required to you.

1. Having pressed a spring clamp, disconnect from the gauge колодку a plait of wires.	2. Ослабьте an inhaling of the gauge also turn out it from a drive.

3. Establish the gauge in an order, the return to removal.

The ignition module is established on the block of cylinders of the engine on the left side. The faulty module is not subject to repair, and it is necessary to replace it.

It be required to you: a key «on 10», a screw-driver.

1. Take out from nests of the module tips of high-voltage wires.

2. Wring out a screw-driver or a finger a plastic clamp and disconnect колодку a plait of wires from the module.	3. Turn away three nuts of fastening of the module (to use a face key more conveniently), remove the flat washers established under nuts and...

4.... Remove the module from arm hairpins.

5. Establish the module in an order, the return to removal.

6. Attach to the module колодку a plait of wires and insert into nests tips of high-voltage wires. On high-voltage wires and on the module case numbers of corresponding cylinders are put.